U.S. Mexico Trade Dispute

Mexico’s path to food sovereignty undercut by USMCA decision

Mexico’s bold plan to transform its food system toward healthier, more sustainably produced foods that support rural livelihoods and respect the country’s cultural heritage is an essential example of food sovereignty. That expression of sovereignty ran headlong into the rules in the U.S.-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA) that treat the food we eat as mere commodities to buy and sell.

Trade panel rules against food sovereignty, Indigenous rights and biodiversity

In the USMCA dispute regarding Mexico's measures against glyphosate and GM corn, the dispute panel released its final report on Dec. 20, 2025. It found against Mexico on every claim it took up, relied on the U.S. version of most disputed facts, invoked questionable science, and enunciated an overly broad definition of trade effects.